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howto:nut_ups 2008/08/16 22:45 howto:nut_ups 2023/09/07 21:19 current
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====== NUT (Network UPS Tool) ====== ====== NUT (Network UPS Tool) ======
Instruction for installation of Network UPS Tools (NUT) on fun_plug v 0.5. These instructions are based on information found at the Network UPS Tool website ([[http://networkupstools.org/doc/2.2.0/INSTALL.html]]). Instruction for installation of Network UPS Tools (NUT) on fun_plug v 0.5. These instructions are based on information found at the Network UPS Tool website ([[http://networkupstools.org/doc/2.2.0/INSTALL.html]]).
 +
 +====== Summary ======
 +The primary goal of the Network UPS Tools (NUT) project is to provide reliable monitoring of UPS and PDU hardware and ensure safe shutdowns of the systems which are connected.
 +We attempt to monitor every kind of UPS and PDU, given sufficient interest.  Summary from [[http://networkupstools.org|NUT project page]].
 +
===== Getting Started ===== ===== Getting Started =====
-==== What's Needed ==== 
-A DNS323 with Fun_Plug 0.5 installed. 
-A functional telnet connection. 
 +
 +==== What's Needed ====
Successful installation of NUT requires three packages from fonz's website ([[http://www.inreto.de/dns323/fun-plug/0.5/packages/]]). They are; Successful installation of NUT requires three packages from fonz's website ([[http://www.inreto.de/dns323/fun-plug/0.5/packages/]]). They are;
  * libusb-0.1.12-1.tgz;   * libusb-0.1.12-1.tgz;
  * neon-0.25.5-1.tgz and;   * neon-0.25.5-1.tgz and;
-  * nut-2.2.2-2.tgz+  * nut-2.2.2-3.tgz 
 + 
 + 
 +=== Assumptions === 
 +DNS323 is operating with Firmware version 1.05 or 1.06 (Installation has not been tested with other firmware versions). 
 + 
 +Fun_Plug 0.5 installed and operable. 
 + 
 +A functional telnet connection. 
 + 
 + 
 + 
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rsync -av inreto.de::dns323/fun-plug/0.5/packages/neon-0.25.5-1.tgz . rsync -av inreto.de::dns323/fun-plug/0.5/packages/neon-0.25.5-1.tgz .
rsync -av inreto.de::dns323/fun-plug/0.5/packages/libusb-0.1.12-1.tgz . rsync -av inreto.de::dns323/fun-plug/0.5/packages/libusb-0.1.12-1.tgz .
- rsync -av inreto.de::dns323/fun-plug/0.5/packages/nut-2.2.2-2.tgz .+ rsync -av inreto.de::dns323/fun-plug/0.5/packages/nut-2.2.2-3.tgz . 
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funpkg -i neon-0.25.5-1.tgz funpkg -i neon-0.25.5-1.tgz
funpkg -i libusb-0.1.12-1.tgz funpkg -i libusb-0.1.12-1.tgz
- funpkg -i nut-2.2.2-2.tgz+ funpkg -i nut-2.2.2-3.tgz
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Selected a password for ''nutmon'' then enter it at the New password: and again at the Re-enter new password: prompts. Selected a password for ''nutmon'' then enter it at the New password: and again at the Re-enter new password: prompts.
-====== Configure and Start NUT Driver ======+**Note** 
 +  * In this example NUTMonPW is used as the password for a user named ''nutmon''. If you use a different password be sure to include it when configuring the upsd.users file. 
 + 
 + 
 +==== Preserve the Users Password ==== 
 +Each time the DNS323 is booted key files are copied from NVRAM to the /etc directory. When this occurs information pertaining to those Groups and Users added as shown above will be lost. Loss can be prevented by writing group and user information to NVRAM using the store-passwd.sh script. 
 + 
 + store-passwd.sh 
 + 
 +===== Configure and Start NUT Driver ===== 
==== Create ups.conf File ==== ==== Create ups.conf File ====
During NUT installation sample configuration files were copied to the /ffp/etc directory. These files are identifiable by their ''.sample'' suffix. During this step of the configuration process a ups.conf file will be created from the ups.conf.sample file. This is achieved by copying the sample ups configuration file to the /ffp/etc directory. The command to do so follows; During NUT installation sample configuration files were copied to the /ffp/etc directory. These files are identifiable by their ''.sample'' suffix. During this step of the configuration process a ups.conf file will be created from the ups.conf.sample file. This is achieved by copying the sample ups configuration file to the /ffp/etc directory. The command to do so follows;
- cp /ffp/etc/ups.conf.sample /ffp/etc/ups.conf+ cp /ffp/etc/examples/nut/ups.conf.sample /ffp/etc/ups.conf 
 + 
==== Add Driver Configuration Detail ==== ==== Add Driver Configuration Detail ====
-Prior to modifying the ups.conf file you'll need to determine which driver is used with your specific UPS. A UPS hardware compatibility list is located on the [[http://www.networkupstools.org/compat/stable.html|Network UPS Tools]] website. Review this list to determine which driver is required for your specific application. Please note these instructions pertain specifically to USB connected UPS. +Prior to modifying the ups.conf file you'll need to determine which driver is used with your specific UPS. A UPS hardware compatibility list is located on the [[https://networkupstools.org/stable-hcl.html]] website. Review this list to determine which driver is required for your specific application. Please note these instructions pertain specifically to USB connected UPS.
Use your favourite editor (I use Notepad++) to open the ups.conf file, enter and subsequently save your specific settings. Use your favourite editor (I use Notepad++) to open the ups.conf file, enter and subsequently save your specific settings.
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If it says "can't bind /var/state/ups/..." or similar, then your state path probably isn't writable by the driver.  Check the permissions and mode on that directory. If it says "can't bind /var/state/ups/..." or similar, then your state path probably isn't writable by the driver.  Check the permissions and mode on that directory.
-====== Configure and Start Network Server ====== +===== Configure and Start Network Server ===== 
-===== Configure Host Access List ===== +==== Configure Host Access List ==== 
-==== Create upsd.conf File ====+=== Create upsd.conf File ===
During this step of the configuration process a upsd.conf file will be created from the upsd.conf.sample file. This is achieved by copying the sample upsd configuration file to the /ffp/etc directory. The command to do so follows; During this step of the configuration process a upsd.conf file will be created from the upsd.conf.sample file. This is achieved by copying the sample upsd configuration file to the /ffp/etc directory. The command to do so follows;
- cp /ffp/etc/upsd.conf.sample /ffp/etc/upsd.conf+ cp /ffp/etc/examples/nut/upsd.conf.sample /ffp/etc/upsd.conf
-==== Configuring Specific Host Settings ==== +=== Configuring Specific Host Settings === 
-Configuring a specific host requires modification of the upsd.conf file. For example, to add a host named DNS323 on IP 192.168.1.50 the following lines need to be added to the upsd.conf file;+Configuring access by a specific host requires modification of the upsd.conf file. For this example it will be necessary to add a host named DNS323 on IP 192.168.1.50 to the server configuration file. Doing so will permit optimum configuration of the monitor tool. Use your favourite editor to open the upsd.conf file, enter and subsequently save the following lines;
ACL DNS323 192.168.1.50/32 ACL DNS323 192.168.1.50/32
 +
ACCEPT DNS323 ACCEPT DNS323
-Use your favourite editor (I use Notepad++) to open the upsd.conf file, enter and subsequently save your specific settings. +==== Configuration User Access List ==== 
- +=== Create upsd.users File ===
-===== Configuration User Access List ===== +
-==== Create upsd.users File ====+
During this step of the configuration process a upsd.users file will be created from the upsd.users.sample file. This is achieved by copying the sample upsd configuration file to the /ffp/etc directory. The command to do so follows; During this step of the configuration process a upsd.users file will be created from the upsd.users.sample file. This is achieved by copying the sample upsd configuration file to the /ffp/etc directory. The command to do so follows;
- cp /ffp/etc/upsd.users.sample /ffp/etc/upsd.users+ cp /ffp/etc/examples/nut/upsd.users.sample /ffp/etc/upsd.users
-==== Configuring an Administrative User ==== +=== Configuring an Administrative User === 
-Use favourite editor (I use Notepad++) to establish upsd.users settings.+Use your favourite editor to open the upsd.users file, enter and subsequently save your specific settings.
[nutmon] [nutmon]
- password = Fi8H7m11lb+ password = NUTMonPW
allowfrom = localhost allowfrom = localhost
actions = SET actions = SET
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[monuser] [monuser]
- password = 8htPm3Tayc+ password = MonUserPW
allowfrom = DNS323 allowfrom = DNS323
upsmon master upsmon master
-===== Network Server Startup =====+==== Network Server Startup ====
Start the network server. This is accomplished by issuing the following command; Start the network server. This is accomplished by issuing the following command;
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The Network Server can be stopped by issuing an ''upsd -c stop'' command. The Network Server can be stopped by issuing an ''upsd -c stop'' command.
 +
 +
==== UPS and Server Status Check ==== ==== UPS and Server Status Check ====
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battery.date: 2001/09/25 battery.date: 2001/09/25
battery.mfr.date: 2008/06/05 battery.mfr.date: 2008/06/05
- battery.runtime: 2025+ battery.runtime: 2535
battery.runtime.low: 120 battery.runtime.low: 120
- battery.temperature: 3022999999999998800+ battery.temperature: 29.2
battery.type: PbAc battery.type: PbAc
battery.voltage: 27.8 battery.voltage: 27.8
battery.voltage.nominal: 24.0 battery.voltage.nominal: 24.0
 + device.mfr: American Power Conversion
 + device.model: Back-UPS RS 900
 + device.serial: 5B0743U08220
 + device.type: ups
driver.name: usbhid-ups driver.name: usbhid-ups
driver.parameter.pollfreq: 30 driver.parameter.pollfreq: 30
driver.parameter.pollinterval: 2 driver.parameter.pollinterval: 2
- driver.parameter.port: auto + driver.parameter.port: AUTO 
- driver.version: 2.2.2 + driver.version: 2.4.1 
- driver.version.data: APC HID 0.92 + driver.version.data: APC HID 0.93 
- driver.version.internal: 0.33+ driver.version.internal: 0.34
input.voltage: 122.0 input.voltage: 122.0
input.voltage.nominal: 120 input.voltage.nominal: 120
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ups.beeper.status: enabled ups.beeper.status: enabled
ups.delay.shutdown: 20 ups.delay.shutdown: 20
- ups.delay.start: 30 
ups.firmware: 9.o2 .D ups.firmware: 9.o2 .D
ups.firmware.aux: o2 ups.firmware.aux: o2
- ups.load:22999999999999994+ ups.load: 18.0
ups.mfr: American Power Conversion ups.mfr: American Power Conversion
ups.mfr.date: 2007/10/24 ups.mfr.date: 2007/10/24
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ups.vendorid: 051d ups.vendorid: 051d
 +===== Configure and Start Monitor =====
 +==== Create upsmon.conf File ====
 +During this step of the configuration process a upsmon.conf file will be created from the upsmon.conf.sample file. This is achieved by copying the sample upsmon configuration file to the /ffp/etc directory. The command to do so follows;
 + cp /ffp/etc/examples/nut/upsmon.conf.sample /ffp/etc/upsmon.conf
----- +==== Configure a RUN_AS_USER ==== 
-**Document unformatted beyond this point**+Use your favourite editor to open the upsmon.conf file and edit line 30 so that it reads;
------ Configure Monitor -----+ RUN_AS_USER nutmon
-Copy sample monitor configuration file to the /ffp/etc directory.+instead of;
- cp /ffp/etc/upsmon.conf.sample /ffp/etc/upsmon.conf+ # RUN_AS_USER nutmon
-Use favourite editor (I use Notepad++) to establish upsmon.conf settings. 
 +==== Configure a MONITOR User ====
 +With the the upsmon.conf file still open in your editor add the following at line 85;
 + MONITOR APC_UPS@DNS323 1 monuser MonUserPW master
 +**Note**
 +  * APC_UPS is the name of the UPS as it was set in the ups.conf file.
 +  * MonUserPW is the password that was established when ''monuser'' was added to the upsd.users file. If you used a different password, which you should, be sure to replace MonUserPW with the password that you set in the upsd.users file.
 +  * DNS323 is the host name that was established when configuring the upsd.conf file.
-Configure upsd to recognize upsmon. 
-First create an ACL in upsd.conf for the host that will be running upsmon. Then use it in an ACCEPT line to allow that host to monitor the UPS.  This will let upsmon connect to upsd. +==== Monitor Startup ==== 
- +Start the upsmon Monitor. This is accomplished by issuing the following command;
-Assuming a host called DNS323_NAS with the IP address of 192.168.1.50, the additional configuration items would look like this: +
- +
- ACL mybox 192.168.1.50/32 +
- ACCEPT DNS323_NAS +
-  +
- +
-Start the upsmon monitor. +
- +
- # /ffp/sbin/upsmon -u monuser+
 + upsmon
-===== Increase File and Directory Security =====+====== Increase File and Directory Security ======
Many of NUT's configuration files contain sensitive data; user names and passwords. To guard against inappropriate access of this information restricting access to users belonging to the ''nut'' group is recommended. This is achieved through the following commands; Many of NUT's configuration files contain sensitive data; user names and passwords. To guard against inappropriate access of this information restricting access to users belonging to the ''nut'' group is recommended. This is achieved through the following commands;
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------ Installing WinNUT ----- 
-Create a user for WinNUT Monitoring Tool 
- adduser -s /bin/false -G nut -H winnmonuser 
-The system will respond with:+====== Automating the Startup Process ====== 
 +You can Telnet to the DNS323 each time you want to start NUT or use a startup script. The following can be added to a nut.sh script file and stored in the /ffp/start directory by copying the content of the code box into your favourite editor then saving the resultant file as /ffp/start/nut.sh.
- Changing password for winnmonuser +Use this script for DNS323 firmware versions prior to 1.07.
- Enter the new password (minimum of 5, maximum of 8 characters) +
- Please use a combination of upper and lower case letters and numbers.+
-Selected a password for ups then enter it at the New password: and Re-enter new password: prompts.+ #!/ffp/bin/sh 
 +  
 + # PROVIDE: nut 
 +  
 + . /ffp/etc/ffp.subr 
 +  
 + name="nut" 
 + start_cmd="nut_start" 
 + stop_cmd="nut_stop" 
 +  
 + nut_start() 
 + { 
 + # Start NUT driver for UPS hardware. 
 + /ffp/bin/upsdrvctl start 
 +  
 + # Start NUT Network Server 
 + /ffp/sbin/upsd 
 +  
 + # Start NUT monitor agent 
 + /ffp/sbin/upsmon -u monuser 
 + } 
 +  
 + nut_stop() 
 + { 
 + # Stop NUT monitor agent 
 + /ffp/sbin/upsmon -c stop 
 +  
 + # Stop NUT Network Server 
 + /ffp/sbin/upsd -c stop 
 +  
 + # Stop NUT driver for UPS hardware. 
 + /ffp/bin/upsdrvctl stop 
 + } 
 +  
 + run_rc_command "$1"
-===== Preserving Passwords =====+Use this script for DNS323 firmware version 1.07.
-Each time the DNS323 is booted key files are copied from NVRAM to the /etc directory. When this occurs information pertaining to those Groups and Users added as shown above will be lost. Loss can be prevented by writing group and user information to NVRAM using the store-passwd.sh script.+ #!/ffp/bin/sh 
 +  
 + # PROVIDE: nut 
 +  
 + . /ffp/etc/ffp.subr 
 +  
 + name="nut" 
 + start_cmd="nut_start" 
 + stop_cmd="nut_stop" 
 +  
 + nut_start() 
 + { 
 + ##################### 
 + # We're using NUT UPS from ffp; # 
 + ##################### 
 +  
 + ############################################ 
 + # Stop built in NUT UPS deamons in preparation for starting ffp NUT UPS # 
 + ############################################ 
 + if ps | grep /usr/local/ups/bin/usbhid-ups | grep -v grep 
 + then 
 + echo "* Stopping Default UPS Services" 
 + # Stop NUT Network Server 
 + /sys/crfs/sbin/upsd -c stop 
 +  
 + # Stop NUT driver for UPS hardware. 
 + /sys/crfs/sbin/upsdrvctl stop 
 + fi 
 +  
 + sleep 2 
 +  
 + ############## 
 + # Start ffp NUT UPS # 
 + ############## 
 + # Start NUT driver for UPS hardware. 
 + /ffp/bin/upsdrvctl start 
 +  
 + # Start NUT Network Server 
 + /ffp/sbin/upsd 
 +  
 + # Start NUT monitor agent 
 + /ffp/sbin/upsmon -u monuser 
 + } 
 +  
 + nut_stop() 
 + { 
 + # Stop NUT monitor agent 
 + /ffp/sbin/upsmon -c stop 
 +  
 + # Stop NUT Network Server 
 + /ffp/sbin/upsd -c stop 
 +  
 + # Stop NUT driver for UPS hardware. 
 + /ffp/bin/upsdrvctl stop 
 + } 
 +  
 + run_rc_command "$1"
- store-passwd.sh+Don't forget to make it runnable: 
 + 
 + chmod a+x /ffp/start/nut.sh 
 + 
 +====== Add UPS Monitoring and Shut Down Capability to A Remote Windows Machine ====== 
 +If you have a Windows PC connected to the same UPS then a Windows Application named WinNUT may be of interest to you. See [[http://csociety.ecn.purdue.edu/~delpha/winnut/|WinNUT]] for details. 
 + 
 + 
 +==== Configuring the NUT Environment for Use With WinNUT ==== 
 +For WinNUT to run successfully it will be necessary to add user information to the upsd.users and host information to the upsd.conf files located on the DNS323. 
 + 
 +=== Add a Remote Monitoring User  === 
 +Use your favourite editor to open the upsd.users file, enter and subsequently save your specific settings. 
 + 
 + [winmonuser] 
 + password = WinMonUserPW 
 + allowfrom = Remote-PC 
 + upsmon slave 
 + 
 +=== Configuring Remote Host Settings === 
 +Configuring access for the remote host requires modification of the upsd.conf file. For this example it will be necessary to add a host named Remote-PC on IP 192.168.1.200 to the server configuration file. Use your favourite editor to open the upsd.conf file, enter and subsequently save the following lines; 
 + 
 + ACL DNS323 192.168.1.200/32 
 +  
 + ACCEPT Remote-PC 
 + 
 +If the NUT Server is running when this change is made it will be necessary to reload the configuration file. This can be done by issuing the following command;
 + upsd -reload

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